47.6 Quick Reference: C Shell switch Statement

The switch statement is used to process commands depending on the value of a variable. When you need to handle more than three choices, switch is a useful alternative to an if - then - else statement.

If the string variable matches pattern1 , the first set of commands is executed; if string matches pattern2 , the second set of commands is executed; and so on. If no patterns match, execute commands under the default: case. string can be specified using command substitution ( 9.16 ) , variable substitution ( 6.8 ) , or filename expansion ( 1.16 ) . Patterns can be specified using the pattern-matching symbols * , ? , and [] . breaksw is used to exit the switch after commands are executed. If breaksw is omitted (which is rarely done), the switch continues to execute another set of commands until it reaches a breaksw or endsw .

Below is the general syntax of switch , side by side with an example that processes the first command-line argument.

switch (

string

)   switch ($argv[1])   case 

pattern1

:     case -[nN]:       

commands

          nroff $file | lp       breaksw                              breaksw   case 

pattern2

:     case -[Pp]:       

commands

          pr $file | lp       breaksw                              breaksw    case 

pattern3

:     case -[Mm]:       

commands

          more $file       breaksw                              breaksw       .                              case -[Ss]:       .                                 sort $file       .                                    breaksw   default:                                    default:       

commands

                   echo "Error-no such option"                                            exit 1       breaksw                                    breaksw endsw                                endsw