22.6 Protecting Files with the Sticky Bit

UNIX directory access permissions say that if a user has write permission on a directory, she can rename or remove files there–even files that don't belong to her (see article 22.11 ). Many newer versions of UNIX have a way to stop that. The owner of a directory can set its sticky bit ( mode ( 1.23 ) 1000). The only people who can rename or remove any file in that directory are the file's owner, the directory's owner, and the superuser.

Here's an example: the user jerry makes a world-writable directory and sets the sticky bit (shown as t here):

jerry% 

mkdir share

 jerry% 

chmod 1777 share

 jerry% 

ls -ld share

 drwxrwxrwt   2 jerry    ora           32 Nov 19 10:31 share

Other people create files in it. When jennifer tries to remove a file that belongs to ellie , she can't:

jennifer% 

ls -l

 total 2 -rw-r--r--   1 ellie    ora          120 Nov 19 11:32 data.ellie -rw-r--r--   1 jennifer ora         3421 Nov 19 15:34 data.jennifer -rw-r--r--   1 peter    ora          728 Nov 20 12:29 data.peter jennifer% 

rm data.ellie

 data.ellie: 644 mode ? 

y

 rm: data.ellie not removed. Permission denied